{"id":754,"date":"2023-06-23T04:55:31","date_gmt":"2023-06-23T04:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/?p=754"},"modified":"2023-09-07T13:59:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T13:59:37","slug":"radiation-can-cause-medical-problems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/2023\/06\/23\/radiation-can-cause-medical-problems\/","title":{"rendered":"Radiation can cause medical problems?"},"content":{"rendered":"

NHI\u1ec4M PH\u00d3NG X\u1ea0 C\u00d3 TH\u1ec2 G\u00c2Y B\u1ec6NH G\u00cc?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 tia gamma, tia X ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 x\u1ea3y ra khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion h\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u01b0 tia gamma, tia X… v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t beta, h\u1ea1t alpha, neutron… Trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • H\u1ea1t alpha: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cao (uranium, radium, plutonium). Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua da c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 0.1mm t\u00ednh t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da.<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ea1t Beta: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh (iodine \u2013 131, cesium \u2013 137). Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua da c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u2013 2cm t\u00ednh t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec, l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec.<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ea1t neutron: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 (californium \u2013 252). Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua da v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1eeb v\u00e0i milimet \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c centimet.
    \nTia gamma v\u00e0 tia X: L\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Lo\u1ea1i tia n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u nhi\u1ec1u centimet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t alpha v\u00e0 beta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 trong. Tia X v\u00e0 tia gamma c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p (ARS) v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa so v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t ra ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 sievert (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 sv) ho\u1eb7c gray (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Gy).<\/p>\n

    2. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. C\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 quan tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0, tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb), tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n.<\/li>\n
    • \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u00ednh tr\u00ean da, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o… th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ecd x\u00e1t, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed3i g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, h\u00edt th\u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3. Nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ADN, ARN. Theo \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ADN v\u00e0 ARN b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u1edf li\u1ec1u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u01b0a bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a hay nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n b\u00e0o cao nh\u01b0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0… s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1edfi tia x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

      Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1) th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n khi m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y do c\u00e1c tia x\u1ea1 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tia x\u1ea1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau \u0111\u00e2y: T\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u0103ng sinh t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan… B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 khi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1sv.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Tr\u1ebb em;<\/li>\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ee3p gen g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u2013 gi\u00e3n m\u1ea1ch;<\/li>\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/li>\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00f4 li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/strong><\/p>\n

        M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eed vong.<\/li>\n
        • Ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u m\u0169i, ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u r\u0103ng l\u1ee3i, khoang mi\u1ec7ng, n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 n\u00f4n ra m\u00e1u…<\/li>\n
        • \u0110i ngo\u00e0i ra m\u00e1u: S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i ngo\u00e0i ra m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n
        • Da b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c: V\u00f9ng da b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3ng r\u00e1t, n\u1ed5i m\u1ee5n n\u01b0\u1edbc, da chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n
        • R\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c: Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2n t\u00f3c, ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec5m nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
        • M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi: C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, suy y\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u trong m\u00e1u gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u, t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb h\u00f4n m\u00ea.<\/li>\n
        • \u0110au c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
        • D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m: \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n
        • ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/li>\n
        • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          5. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. Trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u00e1c s\u0129 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i sau 24 gi\u1edd, 48 gi\u1edd v\u00e0 72 gi\u1edd gi\u00fap so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o lympho sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 amylase huy\u1ebft thanh cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u0103ng theo th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o li\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m protein ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam (CRP): K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 CRP t\u0103ng theo li\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1; m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 citrulline m\u00e1u: C\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 citrulline m\u00e1u gi\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed1i t\u1eed Fms Tyrosine kinase \u2013 3 (FLT \u2013 3) m\u00e1u: C\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 quan t\u1ea1o m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Interleukin \u2013 6: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng \u1edf li\u1ec1u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m G – CSF (y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea1o b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1t): N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng \u1edf li\u1ec1u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi ng\u1edd nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 do \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Geiger \u2013 Muller ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 b\u00ean trong nh\u01b0 tai, m\u0169i, mi\u1ec7ng… ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh d\u00f9ng kh\u0103n s\u1ea1ch lau t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111em ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

            T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u, ung th\u01b0 b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p, ung th\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p tr\u1ea1ng… M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":755,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=754"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":873,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/754\/revisions\/873"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inirat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}